Trix oe the



July 28, 1925. O Re. 16,127

- D. T. DAY PROCESS FOR THE COMBINED SOLVENT AND DESTHUCTIVE DISTILLATION TREATMENT OF OIL CONTAINING EQRTHY MATERIAL Original Filed Dec. '7. "1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 e Q J N g n r' i n g 6 I g x Q l j co umn/$512 1 $7 H 3 v M. Jwpenl'oc at am.

July 23,1925. Re. 16,127

. D. T. DA PROCESS FOR THE COMBINED SOLVENT AND DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION TREATMENT OF OIL CONTAINING EARTHY MATERIAL Original Filed D80. 2D 2 Sheets-Sheet 9 311mm log Roxann- Reissued July 28, 192 5.

UNITED STATES DAVID '1. DAY, OF WASHING-TON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA; ELIZABETH E. DAY EXECU- TRIXOF THE WILL SAID DAVID T. DAY, DECEASED.

PROCESS FOR THE COMBINED SOLVENT AND DESTBUCTIVE DISTILLATION 1m!!- MENT F OIL CONTAIHIRG EARTHY MATERIAL.

Original application filed Kit-camber 7, 1920, Serial No. $28,913, Divided and this application fled August 30', 1922, serial No. 585,174; Potent No. 13423237, dated March 6, 1923. Application for reissue filed April '15, ms. Serial m. 23,423.

To all whom t may concern: Be it known that 1, DAVID v zen of the'lilnitetl States, residing at 'Washington, in the District of Columbia, have 'inventedioertnin new and useful Improve merits in Processes for the Combined Solvent and Destructive Distillation Treatment of Oil Containing Earthy Materiahvoi which the following is a, specification.

This invention relates to process for effecting the extraction of oil. from oil hearing shale, and earthy material, such as sand, anltl provides for extraction with a liquicl loath of solvent combined vwith destructive distillation.

The invention provides specifically the process in which a bath or pool of li uitl solvent is used and into which fresh o ale is passed, the partial extraction of the oil from the earthy material by the solvent, the

removal of the earthy material from the bath. of oil, and the subsequent distillation of the earthy material so removed to, efi'ect of the oil therein and the protluo tion of oil or the maintenance of the oilhatil.

The process has made it possible to ob tain a larger total yielrl of Oll than 15 orllinorily possible by either the usual solvent extruvtion or by destructive (listilletio'n. Solvent extraetion may remove three times as much oil from shale '21s is possible by destructive distillation. The present invention combines the solvent features with distillation in a Waythat uses the prodiucts formed (luring distillation to serve as material/for the soivent loath.

The advantageous results inside possible by the invention are due also in part to the lieat'exohange wherein the heat of condensw tion of the vapors within the solvent extraction chamber heats the earthy material. as it moves through the chamber and thus enables the earthy material to go into the,

retort at a teinpemture equal to the boiling point of the solvent. Another feature provided by the use of very hot oil on the earthy material is the advantag derived by the inoreasedlease lflplllliwith which. the oilisoaketl earthy materiel is treateci in a retort to destructive distillation. In the treatment of shale, the process has been T. DAY, a citiing shale was subjected to distillation and soaked with hot oil, shortens the required ment ehimher.

osition of the o enin s for the introduc- .P P e PATETI OFFICE,

fiounri to operate much more readily than was the case where relatively dry'oil beartlus is probably due. to the :Eaot'that (lry shale is an extremely poor conductor of heat oncl consequently distillation of shale must be not only slow but wasteful because of the time and fuel usecl for completingthe distillation. Co'ntrasted to the treatment of dry shale, the present process, by treating oil soaked shale, and particularly shale period of heating iheoause of the inital rise in temperature time to the presence of hot oil extending into the center of each particle of shale and the foot that oil soaked shale is a better conductor of heat than the some shale in n drier condition.

Apparatus in which the process may be conducted should include a retort; for thedistillation of the shale which has been pre- 7 viously oil soaked, at treatment ohember'for subjecting untreetetl shale to a both of hot liquid oil, and communicating pipes providing for the passage of the products of dist-il ation from the retort to a point where these products may'he eonveniently condensed to a; suilicient degree to provide: the meterinls'used us 'tlieliquitl bath in the treat- Details providing for the eflioient mini continuous operation of the prooess may also include the use ot a screw, chain type, or any other suitable type of eonveyor retort positioned substantially horizontally in a. furnace, so inclined tubu lar treatment chamber ehove'tlie retort tube anti outside thl3 fl1ill30 and the reletive tion and removal of shale or other solid or earthy material, the relative position of the pipes for the removal of liquid oil aeriiform materiai from the treatment chamber,- the relative length. oi the pipes connected to the treatment olismoer and the mounting yor Wihin movnl of s to c o ssinotive e oeesentect in my ills-roll 6,.

The above and additional details and advantages of'the process are described and claimed in the following specification and claims. Apparatus for conducting the proc ess is illustrated in the accompanying drawings. in which ra Figure 1 is a side elevation partly broken away. of apparatus including a retort andtrcatment chamber which" may be used for the process;

- Figure 2 is an enlarged view, partly broken away and in partial section, illustrating the relation between the retort havin; the screw conveyors, and the inclined treatment chamber positioned above the retort; and

Figure 3, is a diagrammatic view illustratint, the relative direction of rotation of the conveyor shafts. looking in the direction of the arrows on the line 33 of Figure 2.

Like numerals refer to like parts in the ditlerent figures of the drawing.

Referring in detail to the drawings of the apparatus which has been successfully used in conducting the proress'of the invention, 1 represents the masonry constructed of the furnace. either concrete, sto'ne or brick. but preferably firebriek, such as will stand severe temperatures. A. suitable stack 2 is provided for leading oil the furnace fumes, smoke. and gases of combustion. A source ol heat is provided by burners 3* located at the lower part of the Furnace and fed by suitable pipes 53 providing liquid or gaseous fuel obtained (hiring the operation of the processfand apparatus. as will be hereinafter further explained. The furnace may be braced by suitablebuck stays not shown, which enclose the outer walls of the furnace and hold the same to a suitable masonry or concrete base. The flames and hot gases from the burner noz'zles is projected inwardly and passed upwardly in the furnace over a horizontally extending partition 4. and upward to ultimately escape through the stack 2. movement the heat comes into direct contact with the exteriorof a plurality of longitudinally positioned retort tubes. as will be described.

The drawing illustrates three cracking tubes or retort tubes 6 and 7, positioned one above the other and substantially horizontally. lVithin the tubes 5, respective screw conveyors 5, mounted on and adaptedto turn 5'. 6 and 7*. resp ctively. Suitable journal boxes or stuffing boxes are indicated for the 1-cspectivesliatts at 5". 6 and 7. Materials within the tube 5'are passed to the left, re-

6* and 7, with shafts i'erring to Figure 2, and are dropped through the communicating pipe 8 into the end of the tube 6, and similarij these materials are passed in the opposite direction in the tube 6 and are permitted to drop is mounted During the upward.

.6- and 7 are" 10 is mounted on a shaft- 10 and operated by the samepower means as'the shafts of the retort conveyors, as will be described. The direction t travel of the contents of the apparatus isindicated by arrows.

lmmediately above the retort and furnace a' treatment chamber 11 adapted to contain a pool or chamber is illustrated as an inclined tubular longitudinally extending member having its lower end adjacent the outlet end of the retort and its upper end positioned above the. inlet end of the upper retort tube 5. A pipe 12 is indicated on the upper side of and leading from an opening in the chamber 11 adjacent the lower end thereof and communicates with a reservoir 13 above the same, which reservoir is provided with a suitable funnel .shaped opening'l l. At the opposite and upper end of the chamber 11 and on the underneath side thereof is a discharge opening having a pipe 15 leading therefrom and extending downwardly as a supply pipe. for the receiving end of the retort tube A screw conveyor 11 is mounted within the chamber 1]. and positioned substantially on the bottom thereof 'so as to move shale and solid material along the inclined floor of th chamber from the lower end thereof and amp such material into the pipe 15. The screw conveyor 11 is mounted on shaft 11 which in turn is.

provided with the necessary stufing boxes or journal bores 11 at the ends of the chamber 11. The rate of treatment of the solid material is comparatively slow and is accomplished by the conveyor 11 which should move in such a manner as to carry relatively smallamounts con'iparativel-y slowly from the lower end of the chamber-11 to the discharge opening at the pipe 15. In addition to the rateof treatment, the invention also provides vtor the soaking of the oil by provid mg that the lower end, of the chamber 11 constantly contain a bath or pool of liquid oil which normally covers the lower end of the pipe 12 and rises within that pipe and into the hopper 13 whenever the pressure mayso require this movement. Likewise itis necessary that the upper end 15, namely the discharge end of the. chamber so that the screw conveyor 11 may move shale material out of the liquid oil bath before duniping the shale material into the pipe 15 On the upper side of the chamber adapted to periodically bath of liquid oil. Thisof the pipe f xing having a pipe 16 50;:

is a distill? o o gases and vapors irom a the remova region above time pool of oil. Another rlis- 11: is pro formed during the operation of the process and apparatus, Tins i? is attached to 'the chamber 11 at a pom 'well removed. from the lower side of the chamberso that no solid material or shale will be drawn olfwiththo oil. 3nd in the pneierrod arrangement this pipe it in close proximity to the pipol-Q near the up i 2' surface but toward the lower end of the chamber 11. Anupwarrlly exmmling pipe 17' having its spear end open will! air is connected to t \e pipe 1? to permit eqimliutioli of pressure anrl to prevent siphoning of oil through silo pipe 17 when flow is started through this pipe. The nipe 17 should extend approximately as big as the upper and of the reservoir 13 so that (he oil also may rise within this pipe subjoct to pressures within the oha'mbsr ll, LS will be describe The pipelfi for the removal of aeriform materials preferably extends upward as an elongated r m-brick pipe, and is connected with a sfione tower 18,,and from this tower gases and lighter vapors are removed through the pipe- IQ and passed through the coils of a condenser 20 positioned in the condenser tank 21. Li mil oil formed Within the stone tower is grown o5 thronglithe 23. vlriauterialls oondemml in the coils 2 3 are in a gasoline tank 24L.

shown, and

pipe 20 and deposited Gases, romaining' after passagef through the condenser are led upward away from the pipe Q8 and into a gas scribbor 25 by mans oi a pipe 20 connected to the lower end of izlio scrubber The gases issuing from the scmbbqr at the top thereof are lesi-througiz the pipe 3 to the burnernozzle ii in. lilo fnrnaoe. The, pipe 17 for the removalof liquid oil from the oil bath in the chamber-11, extends the length of the apparatus, bank of; the conremoved through (lenserin Figum 1, and is connected to the pipe 22 which conducts liquid oil into the distillate tank 23.

Driving means for turning the shafts 5*, 6', 7 and l1 is provided by the main. drive shaft. 26 mounted to suitable bearings, not drivenirom any suitable source of {Email Referring toFigures 2 and 3, it will bejioied that the shaft 26 moves counter clockwise and turns a sprocket. gear 27, which in turn 0 rates a continuous chain 28. which latter in turn extends over the 'sprocks'igear 5, f? and 7* which are mount ed respectively on the conveyor shafts 5", 6 and 7". The shaft 5" is rovided with a second sprocket gear 5', winch is adapted to drive' a chain 13 passing over a sprooket.

22 and emptied into a istiiln-ko tankgear li mounted on the conveyor shaft 11".

A universal joint in the shaft 11 is indifl ted at 11" to takocars of she angle due to the mclmntion of the tank 11.

I I At the lower $16.90! the apparatus the conveyor shaft 7* is provided with a socond sprocket Wheel 7 I which drives a chain a passing over a sprocket Wheel 16 mounted on the valve shaft 19", thus constituting operating means for the val e 10*. The arrows in Figure 3 indicate the relaiive direction of rotation of this conveyor shafts and sprocket Wheels.

At the upper end of the treatment cllfimoer 11 is a pipe 11. ior the introduction of materials'nsed. for Washing out the treatinsnt chamber, and 21:; the lower end. is a cor-- responding drawn. pipo'il for removing smh maforials.

The prooess has been satisfactorily conducted with apparatus in which the retort tubes 5, 6 anal I wars approximately of six im-li bore. owl in which a conveyor screw of five and El'hF-EQ41U2lYllQl inches was operated. The inrontion pre'lt'sraoly uses a tubular treatment chamber 1]. which has a bore of from twent'yiour to thirty inches in which the conveyor member is a proximately eight inelaef'. The operation 0 the process is not necessarily il epenclens'on the relative size of the, chamber and conieyor t-hereimbut under certain conditions may be operated satisfactorily with a, conveyor substantially filling the chamber, why any kind of equipment vapablo of moving shale and solid material from the pool of o l, outof the same, and

introducing it ,jnto the receiving end of the rotor-e.

In the normal operation of the rocess, when first starting the some, liqui oil is poured into'lhe opening 14 and sufiicient is introduced to covor the lower end of the pipe l2, thus forming a liquid seal for" this Snell oil is preferably a distillate obtained from previous distillation, or What is known as tops or distillate, but any other liquid oil seal insane for the purpwe- The use of water a seal for the initial operation has "been satisiactorily applied. s

' (.rvsliecl shale or othersolid material containing the oil to be exfraoted, in reduced form and containing chiefly luinps capable added by (lumping lilie same amounts into the opening 14. Tne shale is HllLITKlUCGfl thus HltO The oil bath and from petroleum is sufiioiently effectiveas a of passing through 3 two inch semen, is in small is sulijoc'terl tlwreloy to a combinodsoltroatrm-nt and oil soaking treat- The conveyors are set in motion and the retort heated. It is the practics in introduce shale .into the reserf0lf lflas fast as it is removed by the vent :nent.

screw conveyor 11 thus giving a mechani-. cal mlvantage of preventing an accumula-.

tion of the shale, which because part of it is finely divided when stirred up with the oil, becomes aunud which is objectionable when passed into pipes. The column of shalemoved along the floor ofthe chamber 11 is relatively small compared to the capacity of the chamber, usually not more than per cent, of such shale being present as compared to the volume of the oil bath,

and frequently the amount of shale is in much lower proportion. This continuous movement of the shale in small quantities is such that the shale is constantly in agitation and-being stirred and is in constant contact wvith new portions of a relatively large bath of solvent oil.

moved from the chamber and through the retorts in the retort furnace it is subjected tolncreased ten'iperatures during its progress through the apparatus. treatment in the retorts drives on all oil material present in the shale and adhering thereto, and all that has not becii removed by the slovent action of the bath of oil in the chamber 11. The gases and vapors generated within the retort tubes 6 and? are passed upward through the pipe 15 and into the treatment chamber 11., In this region they come into contact with the relatively cooler walls of the chamber, and with the bath of oil with the fresh shale therein, and a substantial iortioirot the material is condensed and fl ouys to the loiver end of the chamber to supplement the volume of liquid oil. The nature and the amount of the materials so condensed depends on the tem perature in the retort, in part, but chiefly on the relative size and coolness of the \vallsot' the treatment chamber 11 and the length of the run-back pipe 16. The chamber 11 may be covered with insulating material to maintain heat conditions constant, or it ,may' be artificially cooled; Likewise, the length of the pipe 16 may be varied and 'it also may be insulated or artificially cooled, such changes depending on the relative nature of the condensed materials to be used as the solvent bath. I

The blast of flame from the burners 3 provides a temperature in the lower retort hotter than the temperature in the upper retort. The temperature around the retort tubes should be from 900 Fvto 1400 F.

depending on the arrangement of flues and the disposition of the retort tubes within the furnace 1. The temperature within the re-.

tort tubes should be at least 550 F. and for the practicalrapid operation about 700 F. is

desired. However, the temperature Within the tube does nolt have to be as high as ordinarily used for destructive distillation in small retorts, because in the present invention the heat is transmitted with comparative rapidity from the outside to the inside of each piece of shale, this being due, as hereinbefo're explained, to the prelimmary As the shale is' This heat heating by the addition of the hot solvent 01]. which thoroughly soaks each piece of shale and likewise raises the temperature or the same. cause of the cracking which takes place Within the lumps of shale, this particular cracking being improved by the presence of the shale itself. The temperature within the extraction chamber ll substantially the same as the temperature of the vapors issuiug from'the retort tubes through the pipe 15, as thev are condensed to' t'orm the liquid of the extracting bath. 'These vapors thus condensed are approximately at a temperalure of 30W F and sometimes above, and

sometimes below, depending on the position of the chamber ll relative to theloutside air, the distance from the furnace, and the constant cooling efi'ected by such conditions.

The procesz is capable of operation at or diuary' atmospheric pressure, under partial vacuum, and also under increased pressure. In the ordinary operation, the liquid oilin the lovver end of the chamber 11, by covering the lower end of the pipe 12, merely'prorides a. liquid seal and empties out through the pipe 17, flowing to the distillate tank 26, and no pressure different from'atmospheric pressure is used. A gaininelficiencyhas been' obtained when pressures up to pounds at least have been applied,gand under increased pressure extraction takes more rapidly and completely'on account of the higher temperature at which. the solvent remains liquid instead of vaporizing, Pressures may he built lup by partiallyclosing The product isimpl'oved 'be--" IOU the valves in the pipes 16 and 17, and the operation of an accumulation of pressure causes the liquidwithin the chamber 11 to back up through the pipe 12 and into the hopper orreservoir. 13 until the hydrostatic pressure of, this column of liquid is sufiicientto balance the pressure within the apparatus.

the pipe12 and the reservoir 13, it"also When the oil is thus backed up in rises in the air vent pipe'lT", whichlatter;

should be highenough to' permit this rise in,"

liquid level.

The liquid oil taken 01? through the pipe 17 from the liquid extraction bath in the lower end of chamber 11 differs'from the liquid obtained from the vapors which pass c-ffthrough. the pipe 16, because the former contains .moreor less-0f dissolved material extracted from the shale. The liquidfin the chamber ll'also contains a more readily condensed vapor passed from the retort, and

therefore has a higher specific gravity and higher boiling point than the-vapors and the liquidscondensed therefrom which are driven ofi through the pipe 16; i.

The process been successfully conducted in the treatment of Monterey shale mined in California. Also, it has been successfully used in treating shales mined near Elko;

Nevada, which latter contain'large amounts lot oil and. wax whichcan be extracted by solvents. The invention has also been successfully used with shale taken from the Uintah Basin of Colorado and Utah, and also has successfully been used with oil soaked sand.

- The process has produced remarkable re sults by using the steps of operation and the details hereinbefore, specified. These features include the use of materials extracted by distillation as the material of a solvent bath for treating shale. Other arrangements capableyot performing the steps specified for the process may be possible, rangements are "considered as within the scope of. the process of this invention. For instance, the treatment chamber could extend downward from the right of the furnace so as to lower the chamber and in this case the upperv end of the treatment chamber would have the same relative position'as regards the connecting pipe 15, but the lower end of the chamber would bev nearer theground and consequently the reservoir 13 uould be more readily reached. This arrangement might serve also to extend the lo werend the treatnient chamber toward the source of shale supply thereby reducing the amount of conveyor apparatus necessary. The apparatus arrangement iilustrated with the treati'nent' chamber above the retort serves to economize floor space although the upper end of th reservoir 13 may not be easily reached if the treatment chamber was inclined downwardly toward the ground and positioned'at one side of the furnace.

The term hydrocarbon oil material is understood to include all material removable from the shale by the rocess' described and claimed. lIt' is known tnat certain $l1ale, Sl1Cl1 as the shale at Casmalia, California, contain's considerable amounts of resin, which tar andlwax, and that resin is removed from the shale by the process of this invention, along with the oil technically known as petroleum oil. The oil and resin may be separated by known refining steps. It'is also known to me that the oil found near beds of shale, which. beds contain such resin, also contains in solution, amounts of resin and allied oxidizedbodies such as this material may be recovered and separated by treating-the oil as it is obtained from the ground. The presence. of such material in solution in oil in of the presentinvention, which provides for the solvent solvent obtained from'the shale.

Iclaim: 7 l. The process of obtaining hydrocarbon oil material from oil bearing earthy material iihich process consists of subjecting the earthy material to be treated to immersion but such arin a extraction of the shale by the stantialiy all'volatilizabie material theref' from, and passing the material thus-driven oil and in aeriform condition into the container of said bath of oil and utilizingthe hydrocarbon material so driven off as the materialv of said bath of liquid oil.

2. The process of obtaining hydrocarbon oil material from oil bearin earthy material which process consists o' subjecting the earth material to be treated to immersion I 21th of ii uid oil in a container, separating the cart y material from said bath of oil, subjecting all of saidcarthy material so separated to heat treatment to drive of! substantially all volatilizable material therefrom, passing the material thus driven off and in aeriform condition into the container of said bath of oil and utilizing the hydrocarbon material' so driven off as the. material of said bath of liquid oil, and Withdrawing liquid oil from said bath.

3. The process of obtaining hydrocarbon oil material from oil bearin earthy material which process consists o subjecting theearth material to be treated to immersion in a bat of liquid oil in a container, separating the earthy material from said bath of oil, subjectin all of said earthy material so separate to heat treatment to drive off sub stantially all volatilizable material thereirom', passing the material this driven oil and in aeriform condition into the container of said bath of oil and utilizing the hydrocarbon material so driven ofi as, the material of said bath of liquid oil, and withdrawin aeriform material from the region of sai 'bath of oil. i v

4. The recess of obtaining hydrocarbon oil material from oil bearing earthy material which process consists of subjecting the earthy material to be treated to immersionin a bath of liquid oil in a container, separating the earthy material from said bathof oil, subjecting all of said earthy material'so separated to heat treatment to drive off substantially all volatilizable material of said bath of oil and subjecting the aeriform material to a condensing treatment.

5. T he process of continuously obtaining hydrocarbon oil from oil bearing earthy material which process consists of continuously subjecting thc'earthy material to be treated toimmcrsion in a bath of liquid oil in a corn tainer, continuously separating all of said earthy material so separated to heat treatment todrive off substantially all volatilizable material therein andpassin the material thus driven 0 5' and in volatilizedcondition into the'oontainer of said bath of oil and Continuously utilizing the hydrocarbon material so driven off as the material of said bath of liquid oil.

.6. The processor continuously obtaining hydrocarbon oil material from oil bearing earthy material which process consists of continuously subjecting earthy material to be treated to immersion in a bath of liquid oil. in a container, continuously separating the earthy material from said bath of oil, continuously subjecting all of'said earthy material so separated to heat treatment-to drive ofl' substantially all volatilizable material-therefrom, passing the material thus driven off and involatilized condition into the container of said bath of oil and continuously utilizing the hydrocarbon material so driven oil as the material oi said bath oil liquid oil, and continuously withdrawing liqpid oil from said bath.

The process of obtaining hydrocarbon oil material from oil bearing-earthy material which process consists of continuously subjecting the earthy material to be treated to immersion in a bath of liquid oil in a container, continuously separating the earthy material from said bath of oil; continuously subjecting all of said earthy material so separated to heat treatment to drive 05? sub-- stantially all volatilizable material therefrom, passing'the material thus driven ofi and-in aeriform condition into the container of said bath'of oil and continuously withdrawing aeriform material from the region of said bath of oil.

8. The process of obtaining hydrocarbon oil material from oil bearing earthy material which. process consists of continuously subjecting the earthy material to be treated to immersion in abath of liquid oil in a icon tainer, continuously separating the' earthy material from said bath of oil, continuously subjecting all of said earthy material so separated to heat treatment to. drive ofi sub stantially all volatilizable material therefrom, passing the naterialthus driven" off andv in volatillzed condition into the container of said bath of oil and continuously utilizing, the hydrocarbon material so driven off as the material of said bath of liquid oil, continuously withdrawing liquid oil from said bath, and continuously withdrawing aeriform material from the region of said bath of oil and subjecting theaeriform.

material to a condensing treatment.

9. The process of obtaining hydrocarbon oil material from oil. bearing earthy ma.- terial which process consists of subjecting a relatively small amount mt the earthy material to be treated to immersion in a rela- 'jecting all'of said earthy material'so sepatively large bath of liquid oil in a container, separating the earthy material from said bath of oil, subjecting allot said earthy material so separated to heat treatment to drive off substantially all yolatilizable hy- 7o drocarbon material therefrom, and passing the material thus driven oil into the container of said bath of oil and utilizing the hydrocarboumaterial so driven off as the, material of said bath of liquid oil. 10. The process of obtaining hydrocarbon oil material from oil bearing earthy material which process consists of subjecting a relatively small amount of the earthy material'to be treated to immersion in a relatively lar e bath of hot liquid oil in'a con tainer an permitting said hot liquid oil to permeate the earthy material, separating the earthy material from said bath of oil, subrated to heat treatment to drive off substantially all volatilizable hydrocarbon material therefrom, and passing the material thus,

driven oil into the container of said bath of oil and utilizing the hydrocarbon material so driven off as the material of said bath of liquid voil. 1

ll. The process of obtaining hydrocarbon oil material from oil bearing earth material which process consists of sub1ecting the earthy material to be treated to immersion in a pool of solvent liquid oil to effect the solvent removal from said earthy ma-. terial of a ortion' of its oil content, remova ing the earl; y material from said pool of oil, and thus separating the earthy material from the oil of the pool while leaving the oil thusseparated in the pool ready for the treatment of successive amounts of oil bearing earthy material, subjecting the earthy material so separated to heat treatment to drive ,olf substantiall Y all volatilizable material therefrom, .an utilizing the hydrocarbon material'so driven off as the material of said pool of solvent 'li uid oil.

12. The process of obtaining ydr'ocarbon oil material from oil bearing earthy material which process consists of subjecting the earthy material to he treatedto immersion in a pool of solvent liquid oil to effect the solvent removal from said earthy material of'lat ortion of its oil content, remova ing the cart y material from said. pool of oil,

and thus separating the earthy. mflerialfrom the oil 01f the pool while leaving the pil material from oil bearing earthy material which process consists of subjecting the earthy material to be treated to immersion in a pool of solvent liquid oilto eilect the solvent removal from said earthy material of a portion of its oil content, separating the earthy material from said pool of oil, and thus separating the earthy material from the oil of the pool While leaving the oil thus separated in the pool ready for the treatment of successive amounts of oil bearing earthy material subjecting the earth?" material so separated to heat treatment su ficient to drive off substantially all volatilizable material therefrom and crack a portion 16 of the same, and utilizing-the hydrocarbon material so driven off at a temperature of at least 300 F. as the material of said pool of solvent liquid oil,

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as 20 my own, I have hereto affixed my signature.

DAVID T. DAY. 

